How to search correctly with google.com
Everyone probably knows how to use a search engine like Google =) But not everyone knows that if you correctly compose a search query using special constructions, you can achieve the results that you are looking for much more efficiently and faster =) In this article I will try to show that and how you need to do to search correctly
Google supports several advanced search operators that have special meaning when searching on google.com. Typically, these operators modify the search, or even tell Google to do completely different types of searches. For example, the construction link: is a special operator, and the request link: www.google.com will not give you a normal search, but will instead find all web pages that have links to google.com.
alternative request types
cache: If you include other words in your query, Google will highlight those included words within the cached document.
For example, cache: www.web site will show cached content with the word "web" highlighted.
link: the search query discussed above will show web pages that contain links to the specified query.
For example: link: www.site will display all pages that have a link to http: //www.site
related: Displays web pages that are "related" to the specified web page.
For example, related: www.google.com will list web pages that are similar home page Google
info: Request Information: Provides some of the information Google has about the requested web page.
For example, info: website will show information about our forum =) (Armada - Forum of adult webmasters).
Other information requests
define: The define: query will provide a definition of the words you enter after this, compiled from various online sources. The definition will be for the entire phrase entered (that is, it will include all words in the exact query).
stocks: If you start your request with stocks: Google will treat the rest of the request terms as stock quotes symbols, and will link to a page showing ready-made information for those symbols.
For example, stocks: Intel yahoo will show information about Intel and Yahoo. (Note that you must type the characters latest news, not the name of the company)
Request Modifiers
site: If you include site: in your query, Google will limit the results to the websites it finds on that domain.
You can also search for individual zones, as such ru, org, com, etc ( site: com site: ru)
allintitle: If you run a query with allintitle:, Google will limit the results with all the words of the query in the header.
For example, allintitle: google search will return all google search pages like images, Blog, etc
intitle: If you include intitle: in your request, Google will limit the results to documents containing that word in the title.
For example, intitle: Business
allinurl: If you run a query with allinurl: Google will limit the results, with all the words of the query in the URL.
For example, allinurl: google search will return documents with google and search in the header. Also, as an option, you can separate words with a slash (/) then words on both sides of the slash will be searched within one page: Example allinurl: foo / bar
inurl: If you include inurl: in your query, Google will limit the results to documents containing that word in the URL.
For example, Animation inurl: website
intext: searches only in the text of the page for the specified word, ignoring the title and link texts, and other things not related to. There is also a derivative of this modifier - allintext: those. further, all words in the query will be searched only in the text, which is also important, ignoring frequently used words in links
For example, intext: forum
daterange: searches in time frames (daterange: 2452389-2452389), dates for times are in Julian format.
Well, and all sorts of interesting examples of queries
Examples of writing queries for Google. For spammers
Inurl: control.guest? A = sign
Site: books.dreambook.com “Homepage URL” “Sign my” inurl: sign
Site: www.freegb.net Homepage
Inurl: sign.asp “Character Count”
"Message:" inurl: sign.cfm "Sender:"
Inurl: register.php “User Registration” “Website”
Inurl: edu / guestbook “Sign the Guestbook”
Inurl: post “Post Comment” “URL”
Inurl: / archives / “Comments:” “Remember info?”
“Script and Guestbook Created by:” “URL:” “Comments:”
Inurl:? Action = add “phpBook” “URL”
Intitle: ”Submit New Story”
Magazines
Inurl: www.livejournal.com/users/ mode = reply
Inurl greatestjournal.com/ mode = reply
Inurl: fastbb.ru/re.pl?
Inurl: fastbb.ru /re.pl? "Guest book"
Blogs
Inurl: blogger.com/comment.g? ”PostID” “anonymous”
Inurl: typepad.com/ “Post a comment” “Remember personal info?”
Inurl: greatestjournal.com/community/ “Post comment” “addresses of anonymous posters”
“Post comment” “addresses of anonymous posters” -
Intitle: "Post comment"
Inurl: pirillo.com “Post comment”
Forums
Inurl: gate.html? ”Name = Forums” “mode = reply”
Inurl: "forum / posting.php? Mode = reply"
Inurl: "mes.php?"
Inurl: ”members.html”
Inurl: forum / memberlist.php? ”
Hacking with Google
Alexander Antipov
Search system Google (www.google.com) provides many search options. All these capabilities are an invaluable search tool for a first-time Internet user and at the same time an even more powerful weapon of invasion and destruction in the hands of people with evil intentions, including not only hackers, but also non-computer criminals and even terrorists.
(9475 views in 1 week)
Denis Batrankov
denisNOSPAMixi.ru
Attention:This article is not a guide to action. This article was written for you, WEB administrators servers so that you lose the false feeling that you are safe, and you finally understand the insidiousness of this method of obtaining information and take up the protection of your site.
Introduction
For example, I found 1670 pages in 0.14 seconds!
2. Let's introduce another line, for example:
inurl: "auth_user_file.txt"a little less, but this is already enough for free download and for brute-force attacks (using the same John The Ripper). Below I will give some more examples.
So, you need to realize that the Google search engine has visited most of the sites on the Internet and stored in the cache the information they contain. This cached information allows you to get information about the site and the content of the site without a direct connection to the site, just digging into the information that is stored inside Google. Moreover, if the information on the site is no longer available, then the information in the cache may still be preserved. All it takes for this method is to know some keywords Google. This technique is called Google Hacking.
For the first time, information about Google Hacking appeared on the Bugtruck mailing list 3 years ago. In 2001, this topic was brought up by a French student. Here is a link to this letter http://www.cotse.com/mailing-lists/bugtraq/2001/Nov/0129.html. It provides the first examples of such requests:
1) Index of / admin
2) Index of / password
3) Index of / mail
4) Index of / + banques + filetype: xls (for france ...)
5) Index of / + passwd
6) Index of / password.txt
This topic has made a splash in the English-reading part of the Internet quite recently: after Johnny Long's article published on May 7, 2004. For a more complete study of Google Hacking, I advise you to visit this author's site at http://johnny.ihackstuff.com. In this article, I just want to bring you up to date.
Who can use it:
- Journalists, spies and all those people who like to poke their nose into other matters can use this to search for compromising evidence.
- Hackers looking for suitable targets for hacking.
How Google works.
To continue the conversation, let me remind you of some of the keywords used in Google queries.
Search using the + sign
Google excludes words that are unimportant in its opinion from the search. For example, question words, prepositions and articles in English: for example are, of, where. In Russian, Google seems to consider all words important. If the word is excluded from the search, then Google writes about it. In order for Google to start searching for pages with these words in front of them, you need to add a + sign without a space in front of the word. For example:
ace + of base
Search using a sign -
If Google finds a large number of pages from which it is necessary to exclude pages with a specific topic, then you can force Google to search only for pages that do not have specific words. To do this, you need to indicate these words, putting in front of each sign - without a space in front of the word. For example:
fishing vodka
Search using ~
You may want to find not only the specified word, but also its synonyms. To do this, precede the word with the ~ symbol.
Finding the exact phrase using double quotes
Google searches on each page for all occurrences of the words that you wrote in the query string, and it does not care about the relative position of words, the main thing is that all the specified words are on the page at the same time (this is the default action). To find the exact phrase, you need to put it in quotes. For example:
"bookend"
To have at least one of the specified words, you need to specify the logical operation explicitly: OR. For example:
book safety OR protection
In addition, in the search bar, you can use the * sign to denote any word and. to denote any character.
Finding words using additional operators
Exists search operators, which are indicated in the search string in the format:
operator: search_term
Spaces next to the colon are not needed. If you insert a space after the colon, you will see an error message, and before it, then Google will use them as a normal search string.
There are groups of additional search operators: languages - indicate in what language you want to see the result, date - limit results for the past three, six or 12 months, occurrences - indicate where in the document you need to search for a string: everywhere, in the title, in the URL, domains - search for the specified site or, on the contrary, exclude it from the search, safe search - blocks sites containing the specified type of information and removes them from the search results pages.
At the same time, some operators do not need an additional parameter, for example, the query " cache: www.google.com"can be called as a full-fledged search string, and some keywords, on the contrary, require a search word, for example" site: www.google.com help". In light of our topic, let's look at the following operators:
Operator |
Description |
Requires an additional parameter? |
search only on the site specified in search_term |
||
search only in documents with the search_term type |
||
find pages containing search_term in title |
||
find pages containing all the words search_term in the title |
||
find pages containing the word search_term in their url |
||
find pages containing all the words search_term in their url |
Operator site: restricts the search only to the specified site, and you can specify not only the domain name, but also the IP address. For example, enter:
Operator filetype: restricts searches to files of a specific type. For example:
As of the article's release date, Google can search within 13 different file formats:
- Adobe Portable Document Format (pdf)
- Adobe PostScript (ps)
- Lotus 1-2-3 (wk1, wk2, wk3, wk4, wk5, wki, wks, wku)
- Lotus WordPro (lwp)
- MacWrite (mw)
- Microsoft Excel(xls)
- Microsoft PowerPoint (ppt)
- Microsoft Word (doc)
- Microsoft Works (wks, wps, wdb)
- Microsoft Write (wri)
- Rich Text Format (rtf)
- Shockwave Flash (swf)
- Text (ans, txt)
Operator link: shows all pages that point to the specified page.
It's probably always interesting to see how many places on the Internet know about you. Trying:
Operator cache: shows the version of the site in Google's cache as it looked when Google last visited this page. We take any site that changes frequently and look at:
Operator intitle: searches for the specified word in the page title. Operator allintitle: is an extension - it looks for all specified multiple words in the page title. Compare:
intitle: flight to mars
intitle: flight intitle: to intitle: mars
allintitle: flight to mars
Operator inurl: makes Google show all pages containing the specified string in the URL. Operator allinurl: Searches for all words in a URL. For example:
allinurl: acid acid_stat_alerts.php
This command is especially useful for those who do not have SNORT - at least they can see how it works on a real system.
Hacking Methods Using Google
So, we found out that using a combination of the above operators and keywords, anyone can collect the information you need and searching for vulnerabilities. These techniques are often referred to as Google Hacking.
map of site
You can use the site: operator to see all the links that Google finds on the site. Usually, pages that are dynamically created by scripts are not indexed using parameters, so some sites use ISAPI filters so that the links are not in the form /article.asp?num=10&dst=5, and with slashes / article / abc / num / 10 / dst / 5... This is done so that the site is generally indexed by search engines.
Let's try:
site: www.whitehouse.gov whitehouse
Google thinks that every page on the site contains the word whitehouse. This is what we use to get all the pages.
There is also a simplified version:
site: whitehouse.gov
And the best part is that the comrades from whitehouse.gov did not even know that we looked at the structure of their site and even looked at the cached pages that Google downloaded for itself. This can be used to study the structure of sites and view content without being noticed for the time being.
Viewing a list of files in directories
WEB servers can display lists of server directories instead of regular HTML pages. This is usually done to get users to select and download specific files. However, in many cases, administrators do not have the goal of showing the contents of a directory. This is due to incorrect server configuration or lack of home page in the directory. As a result, the hacker has a chance to find something interesting in the directory and use it for his own purposes. To find all such pages, just notice that they all contain the words: index of in their title. But since the words index of contain not only such pages, we need to clarify the query and take into account the keywords on the page itself, so queries of the form are suitable for us:
intitle: index.of parent directory
intitle: index.of name size
Since most of the directory listings are intentional, you may find it difficult to find erroneously displayed listings the first time. But at least you should already be able to use listings to define WEB versions server as described below.
Getting the version of the WEB server.
Knowing the version of the WEB server is always useful before starting any hacker attack. Again thanks to Google it is possible to get this information without connecting to the server. If you look closely at the listing of the directory, you can see that the name of the WEB server and its version are displayed there.
Apache1.3.29 - ProXad Server at trf296.free.fr Port 80
An experienced administrator can change this information, but, as a rule, it is true. Thus, to get this information, it is enough to send a request:
intitle: index.of server.at
To get information for a specific server, we clarify the request:
intitle: index.of server.at site: ibm.com
Or vice versa, we are looking for servers running on a specific server version:
intitle: index.of Apache / 2.0.40 Server at
This technique can be used by a hacker to find a victim. If, for example, he has an exploit for a specific version of the WEB server, then he can find it and try the existing exploit.
You can also get the server version by looking at the pages that are installed by default when installing a fresh version of the WEB server. For example, to see the Apache 1.2.6 test page, just type
intitle: Test.Page.for.Apache it.worked!
Moreover, some OS during installation, they immediately install and start the WEB server. At the same time, some users are not even aware of this. Naturally, if you see that someone has not deleted the default page, then it is logical to assume that the computer has not been subjected to any configuration at all and is probably vulnerable to attacks.
Try to find IIS 5.0 pages
allintitle: Welcome to Windows 2000 Internet Services
In the case of IIS, you can determine not only the server version, but also Windows version and Service Pack.
Another way to determine the version of the WEB server is to search for manuals (help pages) and examples that can be installed on the site by default. Hackers have found many ways to use these components to gain privileged access to the site. That is why you need to remove these components on the production site. Not to mention the fact that by the presence of these components you can get information about the type of server and its version. For example, let's find the apache manual:
inurl: manual apache directives modules
Using Google as a CGI scanner.
CGI scanner or WEB scanner is a utility for finding vulnerable scripts and programs on the victim's server. These utilities should know what to look for, for this they have a whole list of vulnerable files, for example:
/cgi-bin/cgiemail/uargg.txt
/random_banner/index.cgi
/random_banner/index.cgi
/cgi-bin/mailview.cgi
/cgi-bin/maillist.cgi
/cgi-bin/userreg.cgi
/iissamples/ISSamples/SQLQHit.asp
/SiteServer/admin/findvserver.asp
/scripts/cphost.dll
/cgi-bin/finger.cgi
We can find each of these files using Google, using the words index of or inurl in addition to the file name in the search bar: we can find sites with vulnerable scripts, for example:
allinurl: /random_banner/index.cgi
Using additional knowledge, a hacker can exploit a script vulnerability and use this vulnerability to force the script to return any file stored on the server. For example a password file.
How to protect yourself from Google hacking.
1. Do not post important data to the WEB server.
Even if you posted the data temporarily, then you can forget about it, or someone will have time to find and pick up this data before you erase it. Don't do that. There are many other ways to transfer data to protect it from theft.
2. Check your site.
Use the methods described to research your site. Check your site periodically with new methods that appear on the site http://johnny.ihackstuff.com. Remember that if you want to automate your actions, you need to get special permission from Google. If you read carefully http://www.google.com/terms_of_service.html then you will see the phrase: You may not send automated queries of any sort to Google "s system without express permission in advance from Google.
3. You may not need Google to index your site or part of it.
Google allows you to remove a link to your site or part of it from its database, as well as remove pages from the cache. In addition, you can prohibit the search for images on your site, prohibit showing short fragments of pages in search results. All options for deleting a site are described on the page http://www.google.com/remove.html... To do this, you must confirm that you are really the owner of this site or insert tags into the page or
4. Use robots.txt
It is known that search engines look into the robots.txt file located at the root of the site and do not index those parts that are marked with the word Disallow... You can take advantage of this to prevent part of the site from being indexed. For example, to avoid indexing the entire site, create a robots.txt file containing two lines:
User-agent: *
Disallow: /
What else happens
So that life does not seem like honey to you, I will say in the end that there are sites that follow those people who, using the above methods, are looking for holes in scripts and WEB servers. An example of such a page is
Application.
A little bit sweet. Try something from the following list yourself:
1. #mysql dump filetype: sql - find dumps of mySQL databases
2. Host Vulnerability Summary Report - will show you what vulnerabilities other people have found
3.phpMyAdmin running on inurl: main.php - this will force close control via phpmyadmin panel
4.not for distribution confidential
5. Request Details Control Tree Server Variables
6. Running in Child mode
7. This report was generated by WebLog
8.intitle: index.of cgiirc.config
9.filetype: conf inurl: firewall -intitle: cvs - can anyone need firewall configuration files? :)
10. intitle: index.of finances.xls - hmm ....
11.intitle: Index of dbconvert.exe chats - icq chat logs
12.intext: Tobias Oetiker traffic analysis
13.intitle: Usage Statistics for Generated by Webalizer
14.intitle: statistics of advanced web statistics
15.intitle: index.of ws_ftp.ini - ws ftp config
16.inurl: ipsec.secrets holds shared secrets - the secret key is a good find
17.inurl: main.php Welcome to phpMyAdmin
18.inurl: server-info Apache Server Information
19.site: edu admin grades
20. ORA-00921: unexpected end of SQL command - getting paths
21. intitle: index.of trillian.ini
22. intitle: Index of pwd.db
23. intitle: index.of people.lst
24. intitle: index.of master.passwd
25. inurl: passlist.txt
26. intitle: Index of .mysql_history
27. intitle: index of intext: globals.inc
28. intitle: index.of administrators.pwd
29. intitle: Index.of etc shadow
30. intitle: index.of secring.pgp
31.inurl: config.php dbuname dbpass
32. inurl: perform filetype: ini
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The Stories feature, or "Stories" in Russian localization, allows you to create photos and 10-second videos with overlay text, emoji and handwritten notes. The key feature of such posts is that, unlike regular posts in your feed, they do not live forever and are deleted after exactly 24 hours.
Why do you need
Instagram's official description says that new function needed to exchange not very important information about everyday life.
How to use it
At its core, the innovation is very similar to and works in much the same way, but with minor differences. Despite the fact that Instagram Stories have not so many possibilities and they are all very simple, not all users can deal with them right away.
Viewing stories
All available stories are displayed at the top of the feed as circles with user avatars and are hidden while scrolling. New stories appear as they are published, and after a day they disappear without a trace. At the same time, the stories are sorted not in chronological order, but by the number of playback cycles and comments.
To view, you just need to tap on the mug. A photo or video will open and will be displayed for 10 seconds. A hold-tap pauses the movie.
Above, next to the username, is the posting time. If the people you follow have other stories, then the first one will immediately be shown the next. You can switch between them by swiping left and right.
The stories you have already viewed do not disappear from the menu, but are grayed out. They can be opened again until they are deleted after a day.
You can comment on stories only with the help of messages that are sent to Direct and are visible only to the author, and not to all subscribers. It is not known whether this is a bug or a feature.
Creating stories
Clicking on the plus sign at the top of the tape and swiping from the edge of the screen to the right opens the menu for recording a new story. Everything is simple here: tap on the record button - get a photo, hold it down - shoot a video.
Shooting or loading
You can switch the front and rear camera or turn on the flash. It is also easy to select a media file from those that were filmed within the last 24 hours: this is done with a swipe down. This includes all photos from the gallery, including time-lapses and branded boomerangs.
Treatment
When the photo or video is ready, you can publish it, preprocessing it. For photos and videos, the tools are the same: filters, text and emoji, drawings.
Filters are switched in a circle with a simple swipe from the edge of the screen. There are six in total, including a rainbow gradient like the Instagram icon.
The added text can be increased or decreased, moved around the photo. Unfortunately, it is impossible to leave more than one comment. Emojis are also inserted through the text, so if you want to cover your face with an emoticon, you have to choose.
Drawing has a little more possibilities. We have a palette and three brushes at our disposal: a regular one, a marker and with a "neon" stroke. You can draw with everyone at once, while the unsuccessful stroke can be canceled.
Are you satisfied with the result? Click the checkmark button and your video will be available to subscribers. It can be saved to the gallery both before and after.
Privacy settings, statistics
The settings and statistics screen is called up by swiping up while viewing the story. From here, the story can be saved to the gallery, deleted or published in the main feed, turning it into a regular post. The spectator list is displayed below. You can hide the story from any of them by clicking on the cross next to the name.
The settings hidden behind the gear icon allow you to choose who you can reply to your stories and hide the story from certain subscribers. In this case, the privacy settings are remembered and applied for all subsequent publications.
How to live with it
Fine. Yes, a lot of people took Stories with hostility because of the similarities to Snapchat and the unresolved issues of Instagram that developers should be focusing on. But I find the innovation useful.
The problem of the clutter of the tape, when you have to unsubscribe from friends who literally lay out every step, has existed for a long time, and no intelligible solution has been invented. Stories can be considered the first step towards this. Over time, people should get used to the proposed culture and start posting only really important and noteworthy content to the feed. Everything else should go to Stories. It's true?
At the end of November 2016, the team of developers of the Telegram messenger presented a new service for online publications. Telegraph Is a special tool that allows you to create voluminous texts based on the lightweight web markdown language. Using this platform, you can publish articles on the Internet with photos, videos and other embedded elements. At the same time, no registration with the indication of personal data is required, which makes it possible to maintain complete anonymity.
What opportunities does the new platform open up for bloggers?
According to the developers of the service, the user has the ability to present information the way traditional media do. To do this, the Telegraph has everything you need:
To demonstrate the versatility of the product, the developers published the API on the telegra.ph domain.
Externally, the Telegraph content is no different from the materials posted on the web resources of conventional media, however, the anonymity of authorship and viewing articles directly in the messenger open up unique opportunities for modern bloggers. The most interesting publications created with the help of the new service are presented in excellent.
How to work with Telegraph
To use this tool, you need to visit the website www.telegra.ph. When clicking on this address, the user stumbles upon an almost empty page with three simple lines: Title, Your name, Your story.
- The Title line is intended for writing the title of the article, which, together with the publication date, forms a link to the content. For example, the article “How to Promote Your Site to the Top 10” published on April 5 will have a link: “http://telegra.ph/Kak-prodvinut-sajt-v-top-10-04-05”.
The interface of the telegra.ph article creation tool is very simple - The Your name item is optional. The author can indicate his real name, nickname, nickname, or even leave the line blank so that no one can identify his identity. The ability to publish content while remaining incognito is quite interesting. But most writers are happy to indicate their authorship.
- Your story is a field for shaping the main content. Here, the possibilities for formatting the text, which were mentioned above, open up. The algorithm for creating an article is very simple and intuitive, so users should not have any difficulties in writing it.
A unique link allows you to use the published material not only in Telegram, but also on other sites. At the same time, the creator can make changes to the content at any time. However, this function only works if the cookies are saved.
To easily manage all articles, use a bot To create an article, a minimum of actions is required from the user. However, this lightness has a downside. Further editing can be done only on the same device and in the same browser in which the text was published for the first time. The developers foresaw this situation and made a special bot to manage publications. Let's list its functionality:
- Telegraph authorization from your Telegram account. By creating a record in this way, you can log in to any other device and have access to editing. At the first authorization on each device, the robot will offer to add all previously created posts to your account.
- View statistics for any telegraph post. All transitions to the article are taken into account, not only from Telegram, but also from any external resources. You can analyze not only your own publications, just send the bot the link of interest.
- You can set a permanent nickname and profile link so that you don't have to specify them every time.
Is the Telegraph a real threat to traditional media?
Messengers, which in their essence relate to the media sphere, are developing at a rapid pace, transforming into convenient sites for placement useful information... The emergence of such a service as Telegraph has further simplified the creation of a full-fledged business platform for attracting end user... Already, many brands are realizing that this type of communication is becoming more and more relevant.
Nevertheless, it is still premature to argue that instant messengers in general and the Telegraph in particular create direct competition with traditional media. Such services are defined by experts as an additional tool for generating Internet content, which can be a good help for the media, but at this stage of development they are not able to completely absorb them.
Online media are wary of a competing site Getting private data doesn't always mean hacking - sometimes it's publicly available. Knowledge google settings and a little ingenuity will allow you to find a lot of interesting things - from credit card numbers to FBI documents.
WARNING
All information is provided for informational purposes only. Neither the editorial board nor the author is responsible for any possible harm caused by the materials of this article.Today they connect everything to the Internet, caring little about restricting access. Therefore, a lot of private data becomes the prey of search engines. Spider robots are no longer limited to web pages, but index all the content available on the Web and constantly add undisclosed information to their databases. Finding these secrets is easy - you just need to know exactly how to ask about them.
Looking for files
In the right hands, Google will quickly find everything that is bad on the Web - for example, personal information and files for official use. They are often hidden, like a key under a rug: there are no real access restrictions, the data just lies on the backyard of the site, where links do not lead. Google's standard web interface only provides basic advanced search settings, but even those will suffice.
You can use two operators to limit your search to specific file types on Google using filetype and ext. The first specifies the format that the search engine determined by the file title, the second - the file extension, regardless of its internal content. When searching in both cases, you only need to specify the extension. Initially, the ext operator was convenient to use in cases where the file did not have specific format features (for example, to search for ini and cfg configuration files, which could contain anything). Now Google's algorithms have changed, and there is no visible difference between operators - the results in most cases come out the same.
Filtering the issue
By default, Google searches for words and, in general, any entered characters in all files on indexed pages. You can limit the search scope by top-level domain, a specific site, or by the location of the desired sequence in the files themselves. For the first two options, the operator site is used, followed by the name of the domain or the selected site. In the third case, a whole set of operators allows you to search for information in service fields and metadata. For example, allinurl will find the specified in the body of the links themselves, allinanchor - in the text with the tag , allintitle - in the page titles, allintext - in the body of the pages.
For each operator there is a light version with a shorter name (without the all prefix). The difference is that allinurl will find links with all words, while inurl will only find links with the first one. The second and subsequent words from the query can appear anywhere on web pages. The inurl operator also differs from another, similar in meaning - site. The former also allows you to find any sequence of characters in a link to the searched document (for example, / cgi-bin /), which is widely used to find components with known vulnerabilities.
Let's try it in practice. We take the allintext filter and make the request return a list of credit card numbers and verification codes, which will expire only after two years (or when their owners get tired of feeding everyone in a row).
Allintext: card number expiration date / 2017 cvv 
When you read in the news that a young hacker "hacked into the servers" of the Pentagon or NASA, stealing classified information, then in most cases we are talking about just such an elementary technique of using Google. Suppose we are interested in a list of NASA employees and their contact details. Surely there is such a list in electronic form. For convenience or by oversight, it can also be found on the organization's website itself. It is logical that in this case there will be no links to it, since it is intended for internal use. What words can be in such a file? At least - the "address" field. Testing all these assumptions is easy.
Inurl: nasa.gov filetype: xlsx "address"
We use bureaucracy
Finds like these are a nice little thing. A really solid catch provides a more detailed knowledge of Google operators for webmasters, the Web itself, and the structure of what is being sought. Knowing the details, you can easily filter the results and clarify the properties of the files you need in order to get really valuable data in the rest. It's funny that bureaucracy comes to the rescue here. It produces typical formulations that make it convenient to search for secret information accidentally leaked into the Web.
For example, the Distribution statement stamp, which is mandatory in the office of the US Department of Defense, means standardized restrictions on the distribution of a document. Letter A denotes public releases in which there is nothing secret; B - for internal use only, C - strictly confidential, and so on up to F. Separately, there is the letter X, which marks especially valuable information representing a state secret of the highest level. Let such documents be looked for by those who are supposed to do it on duty, and we will restrict ourselves to files with the letter C. According to the DoDI directive 5230.24, such marking is assigned to documents containing a description of critical technologies that fall under export control. Such highly guarded information can be found on sites in the .mil top-level domain dedicated to the US Army.
"DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT C" inurl: navy.mil 
It is very convenient that the .mil domain contains only sites from the US Department of Defense and its contract organizations. Domain-restricted search results are exceptionally clean, and the headlines are self-explanatory. It is practically useless to search for Russian secrets in this way: chaos reigns in the .ru and.rf domains, and the names of many weapons systems sound botanical (PP "Cypress", ACS "Akatsiya") or completely fabulous (TOS "Buratino").
By carefully examining any document from a site in the .mil domain, you can see other markers to refine your search. For example, a reference to export restrictions "Sec 2751", which is also convenient to search for interesting technical information. From time to time, it is withdrawn from the official sites, where it once appeared, so if you cannot follow an interesting link in the search results, use Google's cache (operator cache) or the Internet Archive site.
Climbing into the clouds
In addition to accidentally declassified government documents, Google's cache occasionally pops up links to personal files from Dropbox and other storage services that create "private" links to publicly published data. It's even worse with alternative and homemade services. For example, the following request finds data from all Verizon clients who have an FTP server installed and actively used on their router.
Allinurl: ftp: // verizon.net
There are now more than forty thousand such clever people, and in the spring of 2015 there were an order of magnitude more. Instead of Verizon.net, you can substitute the name of any well-known provider, and the more famous it is, the bigger the catch can be. Through the built-in FTP server, you can see the files on the external storage connected to the router. Usually this is a NAS for remote work, a personal cloud or some kind of peer-to-peer file download. All the contents of such media are indexed by Google and other search engines, so you can access files stored on external drives using a direct link.
Peeping configs
Before the massive migration to the clouds, simple FTP servers, which also had enough vulnerabilities, ruled as remote storages. Many of them are still relevant today. For example, the popular WS_FTP Professional program stores configuration data, user accounts, and passwords in the ws_ftp.ini file. It is easy to find and read as all records are stored in plain text and passwords are encrypted with Triple DES after minimal obfuscation. In most versions, simply discarding the first byte is sufficient.
It is easy to decrypt such passwords using the WS_FTP Password Decryptor utility or a free web service.
Speaking of hacking an arbitrary site, they usually mean getting a password from logs and backups of CMS configuration files or e-commerce applications. If you know their typical structure, you can easily specify keywords. Lines like those found in ws_ftp.ini are extremely common. For example, Drupal and PrestaShop have a user ID (UID) and a corresponding password (pwd), and all information is stored in files with the .inc extension. You can search for them as follows:
"pwd =" "UID =" ext: inc
Revealing passwords from DBMS
In the configuration files of SQL servers, names and addresses Email users are stored in clear text, and their MD5 hashes are written instead of passwords. Strictly speaking, it is impossible to decrypt them, but you can find a match among the known hash-password pairs.
Until now, there are DBMSs that do not even use password hashing. The configuration files for any of them can simply be viewed in the browser.
Intext: DB_PASSWORD filetype: env 
With the advent of Windows servers, configuration files were partially replaced by the registry. You can search through its branches in exactly the same way, using reg as the file type. For example, like this:
Filetype: reg HKEY_CURRENT_USER "Password" = 
Don't forget the obvious
Sometimes it is possible to get to classified information with the help of data that was accidentally opened and caught in the field of Google's view. Ideally, find a list of passwords in some common format. Store account information in a text file, Word document or an Excel spreadsheet, only desperate people can, but there are always enough of them.
Filetype: xls inurl: password 
On the one hand, there are plenty of tools to prevent such incidents. It is necessary to specify adequate access rights in htaccess, patch CMS, do not use left-hand scripts and close other holes. There is also a robots.txt file that prevents search engines from indexing files and directories specified in it. On the other hand, if the robots.txt structure on some server differs from the standard one, then it becomes immediately clear what they are trying to hide on it.
The list of directories and files on any site is preceded by the standard index of. Since for service purposes it should appear in the header, it makes sense to limit its search to the intitle operator. Interesting things are in the / admin /, / personal /, / etc / and even / secret / directories.
Follow the updates
The relevance here is extremely important: old vulnerabilities are being closed very slowly, but Google and its search results are constantly changing. There is even a difference between the “last second” filter (& tbs = qdr: s at the end of the request url) and “real time” (& tbs = qdr: 1).
The time interval of the date of the last update of the file from Google is also implicitly indicated. Through the graphical web interface, you can select one of the typical periods (hour, day, week, and so on) or set a date range, but this method is not suitable for automation.
From the look of the address bar, you can only guess about a way to limit the output of results using the construction & tbs = qdr:. The letter y after it sets the limit of one year (& tbs = qdr: y), m shows the results for the last month, w for the week, d for the past day, h for the last hour, n for the minute, and s for give me a sec. The most recent results just reported to Google are found using the & tbs = qdr: 1 filter.
If you need to write a tricky script, it will be useful to know that the date range is set in Google in Julian format using the daterange operator. For example, this is how you can find the list PDF documents with the word confidential, uploaded from 1st January to 1st July 2015.
Confidential filetype: pdf daterange: 2457024-2457205
The range is specified in Julian date format, excluding the fractional part. Translating them manually from the Gregorian calendar is inconvenient. It's easier to use a date converter.
Targeting and filtering again
In addition to specifying additional operators in the search query, they can be sent directly in the body of the link. For example, the qualification filetype: pdf corresponds to the construction as_filetype = pdf. Thus, it is convenient to specify any clarifications. Suppose that results are returned only from the Republic of Honduras by adding the cr = countryHN construction to the search URL, and only from the city of Bobruisk - gcs = Bobruisk. See the developer section for a complete list.
Google's automation tools are meant to make life easier, but they often add challenges. For example, the user's city is determined by the user's IP through WHOIS. Based on this information, Google not only balances the load between servers, but also changes the search results. Depending on the region, for the same request, the first page will get different results, and some of them may be completely hidden. To feel like a cosmopolitan and to search for information from any country, its two-letter code after the gl = country directive will help. For example, the Netherlands code is NL, but the Vatican and North Korea do not have their own code on Google.
Often, search results are cluttered even after using a few advanced filters. In this case, it is easy to refine the query by adding several exclusion words to it (each of them is preceded by a minus sign). For example, banking, names and tutorial are often used with the word Personal. Therefore, cleaner search results will be shown not by a textbook example of a query, but by a refined one:
Intitle: "Index of / Personal /" -names -tutorial -banking
Last example
A sophisticated hacker is distinguished by the fact that he provides himself with everything he needs on his own. For example, a VPN is convenient, but either expensive or temporary and limited. It's too expensive to subscribe for yourself alone. It's good that there are group subscriptions, and using Google it is easy to become part of a group. To do this, just find the Cisco VPN configuration file, which has a rather non-standard PCF extension and a recognizable path: Program Files \ Cisco Systems \ VPN Client \ Profiles. One request, and you join, for example, the friendly staff of the University of Bonn.
Filetype: pcf vpn OR Group 
INFO
Google finds configuration files with passwords, but many of them are encrypted or replaced with hashes. If you see strings of fixed length, then immediately look for a decryption service.Passwords are stored encrypted, but Maurice Massard has already written a program to decrypt them and provides it free of charge through thecampusgeeks.com.
Hundreds of different types of attacks and penetration tests are performed using Google. There are many options, affecting popular programs, major database formats, multiple vulnerabilities in PHP, clouds, and so on. If you have an accurate idea of what you are looking for, this will greatly simplify obtaining the information you need (especially the one that was not planned to be made public). Shodan is not a single source of interesting ideas, but every database of indexed network resources!
