A big problem is the lack of power transformers for amateur radio designs. There are fewer and fewer TANs, TN, TA and CCIs on the market, and their quality leaves much to be desired.
It should also be noted that the quality of the core steel is a lottery! I came across cores from TC180, which differ in the initial magnetic permeability by 5 (!!!) times.
The quality of cores OSM-0.4, OSM-0.63, OSM-1.0, produced before the 82nd year, is more or less stable. Various TS, TP, etc. must be pre-measured.
Security officials at TSH170.
The most common iron is TSSH170:
set USh30 * 60 mm, window 19 * 53 mm.
In the original, the primary has 2 turns per volt, which gives an induction of 1.25 T, which is, to put it mildly, a bit too much for this iron.
Here are the options for a good and very good enforcer on this hardware.
1. Bmax = 0.8 T.
A) Primary coil - 675 turns with a PEV-1 wire with a diameter of 0.63 (0.67) mm, 9 layers of 75 turns per layer. The active resistance of the primary is 8.2 ohms.
B) Copper foil shield.
C) Secondary - 270 + 270 + 270 + 270 turns with PEV-1 wire with a diameter of 0.51 (0.55) mm, 4 sections, 3 layers each, 90 turns per layer. We connect the end of the first section with the beginning of the fourth, the end of the second with the beginning of the third. We get symmetrical half-windings with an active resistance of 12.3 + 12.3 ohms.
At the same time, 175 + 175 volts on the secondary. You can power the output stages on EC36-, 6S19P, 6S41S, 6S33S lamps.
Such a trance will be able to digest 140 watts in load, which is quite good.
2. Bmax = 0.7 T.
For special gourmets
A) Primary coil - 780 turns with PEV-1 wire with a diameter of 0.59 (0.64) mm, 10 layers of 78 turns each.
The active resistance of the primary is 10.9 ohms.
B) Copper foil shield.
C) The secondary is the same as in the first example: 1080 turns with a wire of 0.51 (0.55) mm. Only in this case, it will give out 290 volts of change, say, for a pair of 300V or 6P42S.
This trance - on 120 watts, is also bearable.
I would like to note that for Andrey Nikitin and some other home-builders, I wound transformers with an induction of 0.6 T on this iron - almost an extremely low value of Bmax!
Security officials at TS180-2, TS250-2M.
This iron is also very widespread.
Let's see what you can make on it.
PLR21 * 45 with a window 28 * 86 mm.
Winding dimension - 11 * 80 mm.
We wind the enforcer for GU72:
A) Primary coil - 1368 turns with a PETV-2 wire with a diameter of 0.63 (0.69) mm, 6 layers of 114 turns on each coil. The active resistance of the primary is 12.4 ohms.
B) Copper foil shield.
C) Secondary - 3540 turns with a PEV-1 wire with a diameter of 0.4 (0.45) mm, 10 layers of 177 turns on each coil. Active resistance 49 + 49 ohms. We remove 275 + 275 volts from the secondary. For GU72, GMI11, GM5B and similar lamps - that's it!
Such an enforcer will pull 140 watts, i.e. you can connect a GU72 PAIR, with a total current of about 250 ma. And all this at Bmax = 0.77 T!
Enforcer on TCA270.
This iron with a modest section PL25 * 45 has a giant window: 40 * 100 mm.
Those. you can wind more wires
To obtain an induction of 0.8 T, 1100 turns must be wound.
Shake:
A) Primary coil - 1104 turns with a PEV-2 wire with a diameter of 0.95 (1.03) mm, 6 layers of 92 turns on each coil. The active resistance of the primary is 4.8 ohms.
B) Copper foil shield.
C) Secondary - 3120 turns with a PEV-2 wire with a diameter of 0.67 (0.73) mm, 12 layers of 130 turns per layer. Active resistance - 18 + 18 ohms.
At the same time, there are 306 + 306 volts on the secondary.
The resulting trance will easily digest 310 watts.
Security officer at TS270-1.
This trance has a bigger piece of iron: PL25 * 50.
For the same Bmax turns should be less - 990.
A) Primary coil - 984 turns with a PEV-2 wire with a diameter of 1.08 (1.15) mm, on each coil 6 layers of 82 turns. The active resistance of the primary is 3.5 ohms.
B) Copper foil shield.
C) Secondary - 2600 turns with a PEV-2 wire with a diameter of 0.67 (0.73) mm, 10 layers of 130 turns on each coil. The active resistance of the secondary is 15.6 + 15.6 ohm. Alternating voltage 285 + 285 volts.
This trance will tolerate 400 volts.
Security officer at OSM-0.4.
These security officials were originally calculated for an outrageously high induction - 1.5 T.
Hence all their disadvantages.
With normal induction - 0.8 T - they are quite good.
A) Primary coil - 612 turns with a PETV-2 wire with a diameter of 0.9 (0.96) mm, 9 layers of 68 turns per layer. The active resistance of the primary is 3.85 ohms.
B) Copper foil shield.
C) Secondary - 276 + 276 + 276 + 276 turns with a PEV-2 wire with a diameter of 0.67 (0.725) mm.
Each section has three layers of 92 turns. The end of the first section is connected to the beginning of the fourth, the end of the second to the beginning of the third. We get two half-windings with an active resistance of 8 + 8 ohms. The alternating voltage on the secondary is 195 + 195 volts.
Such a trans will pull 350 watts (at a current density in the primary of 2.5 A / mm2, the power of all the above-described trances is indicated at 2A / mm2).
Siloviki at TS70, TS80, TS90, TS100.
All these so differently named transformers are based on PLM22 * 32 iron with a 22 * 60 mm window. Winding dimension 9 * 54 mm.
Their iron, fortunately, is very good and stable in terms of parameters.
You can read them at Bmax = 1 T.
A) Primary coil - 1470 turns with a PEV-2 wire with a diameter of 0.45 (0.51) mm, 7 layers of 105 turns on each coil. The active resistance of the primary is 21.8 ohms.
B) Shield of thin copper foil.
C) Secondary - 2800 turns with PETV-2 wire 0.335 (0.385) mm in diameter, 10 layers of 140 turns on each coil. Active resistance 44 + 44 ohms.
Secondary voltage - 200 + 200 volts.
The power of such a trance is 90 watts at 2.5A / mm2 in the primary.
Silovik on Ш40 * 70 with a window of 20 * 60 mm.
Winding dimension 17 * 56 mm.
Somehow I came across a whole scattering of these transformers with very good iron (E3412, apparently).
The window is not large, but you can fit something there:
A) Primary - 413 turns with a PEV-1 wire with a diameter of 0.88 (0.94) mm, 7 layers of 59 turns per layer. The active resistance of the primary is 3 ohms.
B) Copper foil shield.
C) Secondary - 770 turns with a PEV-2 wire with a diameter of 0.67 (0.725) mm, 10 layers of 77 turns each. The active resistance of the secondary is 11.8 ohms. The alternating voltage across it is 400 volts.
The power of this trance is 335 watts.
Iron induction - 0.85 T.
Power worker on standard SHL20 * 40 iron with a window of 20 * 52 mm.
Winding dimension - 17 * 47 mm.
These trances with transwith iron also appeared suddenly and in large numbers. Iron - E330A - 0.35 (E3413A).
Therefore, I laid down an induction of 1.1 T:
A) Primary - 1120 turns with PEV-1 wire with a diameter of 0.5 (0.55) mm, 14 layers of 80 turns per layer. The active resistance of the primary is 16 ohms.
B) Copper foil shield.
C) Secondary - 1952 turns with PETV-2 wire 0.335 (0.38) mm in diameter, consists of four sections, 4 layers each (122 turns per layer), i.e. 488 + 488 + 488 + 488 turns.
Switching, as in the previous cases: the end of the first section is connected to the beginning of the fourth, the end of the second to the beginning of the third. We get 185 + 185 volts with an active resistance of the half-windings of 40.6 + 40.6 ohms.
The power of this transformer is 108 W with a current density in the primary of 2.5 A / mm2.
Power worker on PL15 * 32 iron with a window of 26 * 82 mm.
This good 100 watt iron (E330A) has been used in military appliances. It was completed with very strong-looking (but fragile in reality ) black carbolite coils. Winding dimension 10.5 * 76 mm.
Here's what you can get on it:
A) Primary coil - 1876 turns with a PEV-1 wire with a diameter of 0.51 (0.56) mm, on each coil there are 7 layers of 134 turns. The active resistance of the primary is 19.2 ohms.
B) Copper foil shield.
C) Secondary - 3024 turns with a PEV-1 wire with a diameter of 0.4 (0.45) mm, on each coil there are 9 layers of 168 turns. The active resistance of the secondary is 32.3 + 32.3 ohms. Variable voltage - 170 + 170 volts.
The power of such a transformer is 110 W, Bmax = 1.1 T.
The security officer on the iron of the exit from the "Surf".
This is PLM25 * 50 iron with a 42 * 68 mm window.
The matter is aggravated by extremely stupid coils with a cheek height of only 11 mm, although 18 mm can be made. Therefore, we make new frames with a winding dimension of 18 * 64 mm.
A) Primary coil - 952 turns with a PEV-1 wire with a diameter of 0.88 (0.94) mm, on each coil there are 7 layers of 68 turns per layer. The active resistance of the primary is 5.2 ohms.
B) Copper foil shield.
C) Secondary - 2400 turns with a PEV-1 wire with a diameter of 0.57 (0.63) mm, 12 layers of 100 turns on each coil. Active resistance of half-windings - 20 + 20 ohm, AC voltage- 275 + 275 volts.
The power of this transformer is 330 watts.
Bmax = 0.83 T.
Just a PLEASANT trance
Finally - a variant on the good old hardware E43-0.35 with a large window.
Ш32 * 43 with a window 28 * 60 mm. Winding dimension - 25 * 56 mm.
To obtain an induction of 0.8 T, we need to wind 921 turns.
Let's see what happens:
A) Primary coil - 924 turns with a PEV-2 wire with a diameter of 0.67 (0.725) mm, 12 layers of 77 turns per layer. The active resistance of the primary is 8.95 ohms.
B) Copper foil shield.
C) Secondary - 2592 turns with a PEV-1 wire with a diameter of 0.45 (0.51) mm, 4 sections with 6 layers each (108 turns per layer), i.e. 648 + 648 + 648 + 648 turns. Commutation: the end of the first section is connected to the beginning of the fourth, the end of the second to the beginning of the first. The active resistance of the semi-windings is 36 + 36 ohms. Voltage - 300 + 300 volts alternate.
These options will help you manufacture and design transformers with the required voltages on the available hardware.
Good luck!
Power transformers, TS-270, ST-270, were produced on split, O-shaped rod cores made of steel tape E-320, section 25x50 mm, and were intended for installation in color tube or tube-semiconductor TVs. For transformers TCA-270, the core is slightly smaller and has a section of 25x45 mm.
The rated power of the transformers is 270 watts. The connection of the primary winding of the transformers to the 220 volt network is made to terminals 1 and 1 ", and at the same time terminals 2 and 2" are closed.
The primary winding of these transformers of the latest releases can only be made for 220 volts (pin 3 is missing).
Please note that the winding data given here may vary.to your existing transformers,due to changes in technical specifications, manufacturing plants, the passage of time and other conditions, and they should be taken only as a basis. If you need to determine more accurately the number of turns of the windings of your transformer, wind an additional winding with a known number of turns, measure the voltage on it and calculate your transformer from the data obtained.
Picture 1.
Appearance of transformers TS-270, ST-270.
These transformers have several modifications, and they are all interchangeable with each other. These are types of transformers TS-270-1, TS-270-2, TSA-270-1, TSA-270-2, ST-270-1. Power transformers TSA differ from TS transformers in that their windings are made with aluminum wire. This was done to reduce the cost of mass-producing transformers.
The transformer diagram is shown in Figure 2, winding data and electrical characteristics transformers, in table 1.
Figure 2.
Scheme of transformers TS-270, ST-270.
Table 1. Winding data and electrical parameters of transformers type TS-270, ST-270.
|
Transformer type |
Number of turns |
Wire brand and diameter, mm |
Resistance fast. current, Ohm |
Voltage, nom. V |
Current, no. A |
||
| Number | conclusions | ||||||
|
TS-270-1 |
I |
1-2-3 |
275+43 |
PEV-1 0.85 |
1,7+0,3 |
110+17 |
1,25 |
|
TCA-270-1 |
I |
1-2-3 |
274+42 |
PEVA 1.16 |
1,2+0,2 |
110+17 |
1,25 |
* - Voltages are given for semi-windings (eg 5-15). The voltage of the entire 5-5 "winding is 5-15 + 15" -5 ".
There may be versions of TS-270 transformers, the windings of which 4-4 "and 9-9" are made separately.
- Winding 4-4 "(4-14 + 14" -4) as above.
- The winding 9-9 "(9-19 + 19" -9 ") contains only 6 (3 + 3) turns, respectively, the total rated voltage of the entire winding is 2.2 volts.
